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Chapter
11:
Friday Service (Hadith -- The
Traditions):
(Note:
The superscript-numbers [e.g., intention2]
that
appear in the text [in
pink]
refer to the numbers of the explanatory footnotes that
appear at the end of each Hadith
[Tradition].)
1
Ibn `Abbas said,
The first Friday service, after the Friday service in the
mosque of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be on
him, was that held in the mosque of `Abd al-Qais at Juwatha
in Bahrain. "1
(B. 11 : 11.)
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1
Juwatha was a village in Bahrain, and Bukhari's
heading of the chapter in which this hadith is
mentioned is "Friday service in towns and
villages."
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2
Yunus said, Ruzaiq ibn Hukaim wrote to Ibn Shihab,
What is thy opinion--should I hold the Friday service? And
Ruzaiq was manager of a certain land on which he worked and
there was a party of Negroes and others besides them there,
and Ruzaiq was then the governor of Ailah. So Ibn Shihab
wrote, while I heard, commanding him to hold the Friday
service.2
(B. 11 : 11.)
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2
In this case, it was not even a village where
Friday service was held. There were only some
workers on the field, and the manager of the land
was required to look after their spiritual needs
and hold a Friday service for them. Ruzaiq was
governor of Ailah under `Umar ibn `Abd
al-`Aziz.
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3
Abu-l-Ja`d said,
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be on
him, said:
"Whoever omits three Friday
services making light of it, Allah sets a seal on his
heart." (AD-Msh. 4 : 43.)
4
Ibn `Umar said,
A wife of `Umar used to attend the morning and `Isha'
prayers in congregation in the mosque. It was said to her,
Why dost thou go forth and thou knowest that `Umar does not
like this and is averse (to it). She said, What prevents him
from prohibiting me? He said, What prevents him is the
saying of the Messenger of Allah:
"Do not prohibit the
handmaids of Allah from attending the mosques of Allah."
3
(B. 11 : 12.)
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3
Women were required to attend the `Id gatherings,
and their presence at the Friday service is of the
utmost importance for the welfare of the Muslim
community; and, therefore, even if it may not be
obligatory for them, they should generally attend
the Friday service so far as is consistent with
their duties. The words of the Holy Prophet quoted
here include the Friday service along with other
prayers.
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5
It is reported on the authority of Zuhri,
When the Mu'adhdhin gives a call for prayer on Friday, and
there is one who is journeying, it is incumbent on him that
he should attend. (B. 11 :
18.)
6
Anas reported that,
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be on
him, used to hold the Friday service when the sun
declined. (B. 11 : 16.)
7
Sa'ib said,
The first call on Friday, in the time of the Prophet, peace
and blessings of Allah be on him, and Abu Bakr and `Umar,
was sounded when the imam ascended the pulpit; but when (the
time of) `Uthman came and the number of people became very
great, he added a third call at the Zaura'.
4(B.
11 : 21.)
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4
The additional adhan is called the third
adhan--actually it is the first--, the ordinary
adhan and the iqamah being the other two. As the
hadith shows, this adhan, delivered some time
before the imam ascended the pulpit, was meant to
inform the people that they should get ready for
the prayer, and it was, therefore, delivered at
Zaura', a place in the market of
Madinah.
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8
Abu Sa`id said,
I bear witness to the Messenger of Allah, peace and
blessings of Allah be on him, saying,
"It is incumbent on every one
who has attained to puberty that he should take a bath on
Friday, and that he should use the tooth-brush, and that
he should use scent if he can get it." (B. 11 :
3.)
9
Jabir said,
A man came while the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah
be on him, was delivering the sermon to the people on
Friday. So he said, "Hast thou said the prayer, O such a
one?" He said, No. He said, "Get up and say two rak`ahs of
prayer." 5
(B. 11 : 32.)
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5
Two rak`ahs of prayer must be said before the
service is held. Two rak`ahs are also said after
the service is over, as in the Zuhr
prayer.
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10
Abu Sa`id al-Khudri reported that,
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be on him, one day
ascended the pulpit and we sat around
him.6
(B. 11 : 28.)
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6
The imam sits on the pulpit and a call for prayer
is then sounded. He then stands up and delivers the
sermon, as the next hadith shows.
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11
Ibn `Umar said,
The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be on him, used to
deliver the sermon standing, then he sat down, then he stood
up again, as you do now.7
(B. 11 : 26.)
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7
The Friday sermon is thus divided into two parts,
the imam sitting down to take a little rest in the
middle. The Holy Prophet used to take some verse of
the Holy Qur'an as his text, which he explained to
the audience. The object of the sermon is to give
true guidance to the congregation on the various
questions of life; and it is, therefore, quite
meaningless to deliver the sermon in Arabic to
people who do not understand that
language.
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12
Salman said on the authority of the Prophet, peace and
blessings of Allah be on him,
"One should remain silent
when the imam speaks." (B. 11 : 35.)
13
Anas said,
While the Prophet, peace and blessings
of Allah be on him, was delivering the Friday sermon, a man
stood up and said, O Messenger of Allah! Horses have
perished, goats have perished; pray to Allah that He may
send us rain. So he raised his hands and prayed. (B. 11 :
34.)
14
Abu Hurairah said,
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be on
him, said:
"Whoever joins in one rak`ah
of the Friday service, he should add to it another, and
whoever misses both rak`ahs, he should say four
(rak`ahs)," or he said, "the Zuhr."8
(DQ-Msh. 4 :
45.)
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8
The Friday service thus consists of two rak`ahs of
prayer, and whoever misses both should say the Zuhr
prayer.
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15
Ibn `Abbas reported on the
authority of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be on
him,
He used to recite (on Friday)
al-Sajdah (ch. 32) and Hal ata `ala-l-insani (ch. 76)
in the morning prayer, and al-Jumu`ah (ch. 62) and
al-Munafiqun (ch. 63) in the Friday
service.9
(Ah. I, 340.)
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9
This shows that the Holy Qur'an was recited in a
loud voice in the Friday service.
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Top
Hadith
Section
> A
Manual of Hadith
> Chapter 11: Friday Service (Hadith -- The Traditions)
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